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Volume 38, Issue 5 , Pages 698-707 , November 2009

Heart Failure: The Hidden Problem of Pain

Joy R. Goebel, RN, PhD
- School of Nursing, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, California, USA
- Address correspondence to: Joy R. Goebel, RN, PhD, School of Nursing, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Blvd., Long Beach, CA 90840-1006, USA.
Lynn V. Doering, RN, DNSc
- School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
Lisa R. Shugarman, PhD
- RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California, USA
Steve M. Asch, MD, MPH
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
Cathy D. Sherbourne, PhD
- RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California, USA
Andy B. Lanto, MA
- Veterans Integrated Palliative Program, Department of Veteran Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA
Lorraine S. Evangelista, RN, PhD
- School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
Adeline M. Nyamathi, RN, PhD
- School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
Sally L. Maliski, RN, PhD
- School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
Karl A. Lorenz, MD, MSHS
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA

,Accepted 9 April 2009.

Pain impacts quality of life. Adapted with permission from Ferrell et al.²⁰

Pain impacts quality of life. Adapted with permission from Ferrell et al.²⁰
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