Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
Volume 38, Issue 5 , Pages 747-757 , November 2009

Morphine Inhalation by Cancer Patients: A Comparison of Different Nebulization Techniques Using Pharmacokinetic, Spirometric, and Gasometric Parameters

  • Małgorzata Krajnik, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Palliative Care, Collegium Medicum, Nicolas Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to: Małgorzata Krajnik, MD, Department of Palliative Care, Collegium Medicum, Nicolas Copernicus University, Sklodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
    • ,
  • Zygmunt Podolec, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Aerosology and Aerosol Bioengineering, Research and Development Centre of MEDiNET, Krakow, Poland
    • ,
  • Monika Siekierka, MSci

      Affiliations

    • Department of Physiology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolas Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
    • ,
  • Marzena Sykutera, MSci

      Affiliations

    • Department of Forensic Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolas Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
    • ,
  • Ewa Pufal, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Forensic Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolas Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
    • ,
  • Piotr Sobanski, MD

      Affiliations

    • Cardiology Department, II University Hospital, Bydgoszcz, Poland
    • ,
  • Roman Makarewicz, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Oncology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolas Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
    • ,
  • Cees Neef, PharmD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
    • ,
  • Nieko Punt, MSci

      Affiliations

    • Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
    • ,
  • Zbigniew Zylicz, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Dove House Hospice, Hull, United Kingdom

,Accepted 1 April 2009.

  • Image Result

    Plasma concentrations of morphine (♦), M3 (▴), and M6 (■) in two patients treated with the BCTS-S method (Patient 1 [a] and Patient 3 [b]) and one patient treated with the BCTS-MC method (Patient 10 [

    Plasma concentrations of morphine (♦), M3 (▴), and M6 (■) in two patients treated with the BCTS-S method (Patient 1 [a] and Patient 3 [b]) and one patient treated with the BCTS-MC method (Patient 10 [c]). Note in Patients A and B the second peak for the metabolites after about two hours.

PII: S0885-3924(09)00704-0

doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2009.03.008

Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
Volume 38, Issue 5 , Pages 747-757 , November 2009

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