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Brief Report| Volume 62, ISSUE 5, P1008-1014, November 2021

Palliative Care Development in the Asia Pacific Region: A Review of Assessment Indicators

  • Author Footnotes
    1 School of Gerontology Health Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
    Megan F. Liu
    Footnotes
    1 School of Gerontology Health Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
    Affiliations
    Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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  • Author Footnotes
    2 School of Nursing, University of Wollongong, Australia
    Mu-Hsing Ho
    Footnotes
    2 School of Nursing, University of Wollongong, Australia
    Affiliations
    University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
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  • Author Footnotes
    3 School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, New South Wales, Australia
    Jed Montayre
    Footnotes
    3 School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, New South Wales, Australia
    Affiliations
    Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
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  • Author Footnotes
    4 School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
    ,
    Author Footnotes
    5 Department of Family Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
    Ying-Wei Wang
    Footnotes
    4 School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
    5 Department of Family Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
    Affiliations
    Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan

    Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
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  • Author Footnotes
    6 School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
    ,
    Author Footnotes
    7 School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
    ,
    Author Footnotes
    8 Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Charity Foundation Professor in Nursing, Tai Po, Hong Kong
    Chia-Chin Lin
    Correspondence
    Address correspondence to: Chia-Chin Lin, PhD, RN, FAAN, School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, 4/F, William M.W. Mong Block, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
    Footnotes
    6 School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
    7 School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
    8 Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Charity Foundation Professor in Nursing, Tai Po, Hong Kong
    Affiliations
    Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan

    The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
    Search for articles by this author
  • Author Footnotes
    1 School of Gerontology Health Management, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
    2 School of Nursing, University of Wollongong, Australia
    3 School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, New South Wales, Australia
    4 School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
    5 Department of Family Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
    6 School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
    7 School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
    8 Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Charity Foundation Professor in Nursing, Tai Po, Hong Kong

      Abstract

      Context

      Organizations such as Asia Pacific Hospice Palliative Care Network functions to promote quality palliative care development through training and education, research collaboration and variety relevant projects and events for all in the Asia and Pacific region.

      Objectives

      To summarise and further compare existing development indicators used in Asia Pacific region for palliative care.

      Methods

      The current review used Whittemore and Knafl ’s framework for integrative reviews. PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and Google Scholar databases were searched for eligible studies. This review focused on palliative care development according to the domains and indicators identified by the World Health Organization Public Health Strategy and ATLANTES Palliative Care Research Group. Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklists were adopted to assess the methodological quality of included studies.

      Results

      Ten studies were included and two main findings were identified: 1) There was a strong evidence of educational preparation, use of medicines and service provision for palliative care development in Asia Pacific and 2) Professional activities and policy geared towards palliative care development were limited and had relative emphasis at a country-level in Asia Pacific.

      Conclusion

      Palliative care development is largely influenced by policies and funding structures as well as by cultural views and beliefs of stakeholders. It is expected that individuals, stakeholders and practitioners in Asia Pacific might have differing views and cultural beliefs when compared to the European or western counterparts. The lack of details and documentation in the region and inadequate reporting measures impacts on the development of strong palliative care framework.

      Key Words

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